Romans 5:12-14

Disciples’ Literal New Testament

This Means That Death And Life Each Originated In The Act of One Man

¹²Because of this^[a], just as^[b] through one man sin entered into the world, and death through the sin, and so death went-through^[c] to all people because all sinned— ¹³for until the Law, sin was in the world, but sin is not charged-to-the-account, there being no law. ¹⁴Nevertheless death reigned from Adam until Moses, even over the ones not having sinned in the likeness^[d] of the transgression of Adam, who is a pattern^[e] of the One coming.

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Footnotes

Romans 5:12 That is, summing up 3:21-5:11: Because we have received the reconciliation as a gift by His grace through the sacrifice of Jesus Christ, resulting in righteousness, peace with God, and eternal life. Paul now puts this in broad perspective, comparing Christ’s one act bringing life to all His spiritual descendants to Adam’s one act bringing death to all his physical descendants.
Romans 5:12 Paul breaks off this sentence at ‘because all sinned’ to explain how all sinned; that is, how Adam’s one act affected all his progeny. Then he takes this thought up again in v 18 and completes it, giving the ‘so also’ side.
Romans 5:12 Or, came through, spread.
Romans 5:14 Adam violated a requirement of God. Those living until Moses had no such requirement from God, so they did not sin in the same manner. Thus ‘all sinned’ in v 12 cannot mean ‘transgressed God’s command’. In some sense death is a consequence upon all humanity of Adam’s one act of sin.
Romans 5:14 Before Paul explains how Adam and Christ are similar (v 18, as, so also), he first explains how they are not similar, v 15-17.

Disciples’ Literal New Testament (DLNT)

Disciples' Literal New Testament: Serving Modern Disciples by More Fully Reflecting the Writing Style of the Ancient Disciples, Copyright © 2011 Michael J. Magill. All Rights Reserved. Published by Reyma Publishing